Paranoia 4. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05906.x. These include: 1. Progress in Neurobiology, 75 6, 406-33. Amphetamine is considered to be the quintessential member of the stimulant class due to its extensively studied effects and long history of clinical use. New York: Oxford University Press. Ulična imena, joÅ¡ su meth i chalk. PMID 22849208. It is usually taken orally, but can also be insufflated, injected, or administered rectally. Westfall DP, Westfall TC (2010). Speed’s effects cover more than just the intended, desirable high. J. Hist. In Sydor A, Brown RY. Lisdexamfetamine is the same drug (dextroamphetamine) BUT is bound to an Amino acid L-Lysine and needs to be metabolized in order to convert it into useable D-Amphetamine, it takes time for this conversion to happen leading to a prolonged T-Max and C-max and more stable overall dosage and effects throughout the entire serum level. The name 'amphetamine' is a contraction from αlphamethylphenethylamine, Attention disorders are often treated using Adderall or a generic equivalent, a formulation of mixed amphetamine salts that contain both racemic-amphetamine, in the sulfate and aspartate monohydrate salt forms, and enantiopure dextroamphetamine, in the sulfate and saccharate salt forms, mixed to yield a final ratio of 3 parts dextroamphetamine to 1 part levoamphetamine. Initially, amphetamine was more popularly used to reduce appetite and to control weight. [41] No formal studies in humans have been carried out and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. Finding speed. "Historical overview of methamphetamine". 10 Things You Should Know About Speed drug. "VMAT2: a dynamic regulator of brain monoaminergic neuronal function interacting with drugs of abuse". Crystal Meth, also known as crystal or meth. [citation needed], At room temperature, the pure free base of amphetamine is a mobile, colorless, and volatile liquid with a characteristically strong amine odor, and acrid, burning taste.[15]. p. 78. Simple English: Amphetamine is a synthetic drug. Galli, A., Poulsen, N.W., Sulzer, D., & Sonders, M.S. [5][6] Additionally, it sees widespread illicit use as a performance enhancing agent and recreational substance. Dangerously high body temperatures 2. Stolerman IP, ed. Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant most frequently used as a recreational drug. Adult ADHD Medications and Their Cardiovascular Implications |, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Lisdexamfetamine Compared with d-Amphetamine in Healthy Subjects |, Stimulants for the Control of Hedonic Appetite |, Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of d rugs of potential misuse (ScienceDirect) |, Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). Speed (methamphetamine, C10H15N) is a potent and addictive central nervous system stimulant, chemically related to amphetamine, but with greater central nervous system side effects. Amphetamine (also known as alpha-methylphenethylamine, amfetamine, and speed) is a stimulant substance of the phenethylamine class. As a result, they should be treated with a healthy amount of skepticism. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (1), CD003026-CD003026. Sci. Speed is a dangerous, illicit drug that can cause many of the same effects as cocaine, crack, and other stimulants. PubChem Compound. Some of the street names for amphetamine include meth, ice, crystal meth, and crank. The basic form is more readily absorbed in the intestine and less readily removed by the kidneys, potentially increasing its half life [25]. In: Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin; 20. Methamphetamine was discovered in 1893 and exists as two enantiomers: levo-methamphetamine and dextro-methamphetamine. When prescription amphetamines are taken orally and in low doses, drug abuse and addiction is not a serious risk. Retrieved 13 October 2013. Med. Postgrad. In reality, "Jay" had in fact increased his speed, but at the cost o… Molecular Psychiatry, 14(2), 123. It is removed excreted by the kidneys and only a small amount by hepatic enzymes. Lazăr Edeleano: Über einige Derivate der Phenylmethacrylsäure und der Phenylisobuttersäure. Učinci su, na srediÅ¡nji živčani sustav, jači nego kod amfetamina. 29 (2): 21–4, 32. See also drug abuse and drug dependence. 1 (3): 172–182. [1][2] The class of drugs containing amphetamine includes prescription drugs commonly used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 2. any of a group of drugs closely related to this substance and having similar actions, such as methamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. They include Benzedrine and speed. Baumann, M., Carroll, F.I., Dersch, C.M., Partilla, J.S., Rothman, R.B., Romero, D., & Rice, K. (2001). Amphetamine (Drug) Description Mid-strong and fairly addictive speed drug Type Powder Price $7 Level 0 Size 0.5 Weight 0.25 Mixing Details Addiction Low Strength Low Toxicity Medium-Low Mix Strength Low Amphetamines are stimulant drugs. Angrist, B., & Sudilovsky, A. Addiction is a serious risk with heavy recreational amphetamine use, but is unlikely to arise from typical medical use.[44][45][46]. Amphetamine was first synthesized in 1887, but its psychostimulant effects were not discovered until 1929. Chemically, it is similar to methamphetamine. Amphetamine exerts its behavioral effects by altering the use of monoamines as neuronal signals in the brain, primarily in catecholamine neurons in the reward and executive function pathways of the brain. (2008). "Miscellaneous Sympathomimetic Agonists". Likewise, adverse effects become much more likely with higher doses and may include serious injury or death. For example, an object's speed can be measured in miles per hour (mph),; kilometers per hour (km/h); meters per second (m/s), which is the SI-unit for speed. The addictive potential of this substance is rather high as well. Delusions These effects are typically short-term and last only as long as the user has the substance in their systems. It was then introduced i… Treatment for amphetamine psychosis. The LD50 (the dosage required to kill 50% of the test subjects) of amphetamine in rats has been found to be between roughly 15 mg and 180 mg per kilogram, depending on the study. Stolerman IP (2010). [3] In the 1930s, it began to be marketed and sold over-the-counter under the name Benzedrine. [42][43] PMID 20997404. Google, DuckDuckGo) should always be conducted to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Today, amphetamine is used clinically for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity. Branded amphetamine, like Adderall, knows similar yet better documented and thus more predictable doses. Amphetamine was first synthesized in Germany in 1887 by the Romanian chemist Lazăr Edeleanu, who named it phenylisopropylamine.However, its stimulant effects remained unknown until 1927, when it was independently re-synthesized by Gordon Alles and discovered to have sympathomimetic properties. PMID 16492800. PMC 2478360  Freely accessible. N. Y. Acad. Marihuana, also known as grass, ganja, weed or MJ. Berman, S. M., Kuczenski, R., McCracken, J. T., & London, E. D. (2009). (1887), Band 3, S. 616–622. Alles was part of a group of researchers looking for an ephedrine substitute. These drugs increase the level of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which can create euphoria. Amphetamine is not approved for use in children less than 6 years of age, with the exception of Evekeo (approved for children age 3 and older). doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.007. However, its stimulant effects remained unknown until 1927, when it was independently re-synthesized by Gordon Alles and discovered to have sympathomimetic properties. [38], Melatonin has been shown to prevent (if used 30min+ before dosing) and reverse amphetamine induced neurotoxicity of TH-pSer40 and calpastatin levels in the Substantia Nigra of rats.[39][40]. Prog. It is odorless and has a slightly bitter taste. There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index. J. Interdiscip. Hist. Using speed can lead to health, social and financial problems. J. Psychopharmacol. Recreational use of amphetamine is associated with abuse and dependence. The reinforcing and motivational effects of amphetamine are mostly due to enhanced dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic pathway. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) |, Narcolepsy: current treatment options and future approaches |. Potential adverse effects of amphetamine treatment on brain and behavior: a review. Amphetamine presents cross-tolerance with all dopaminergic stimulants, meaning that after the consumption of amphetamine most stimulants will have a reduced effect. It also decreases appetite and fatigue. Springer, Boston, MA. The exact bioavailability of amphetamine is not known, but it is believed to be over 75% by mouth, and higher by injection or intranasal administration[24][25]. (1978). Mohan J, ed. Internationally, amphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance under the United Nations 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances.[51]. The drug is a stimulant: it can help people keep the focus and stay awake. Methamphetamine is classified as a Schedule II stimulant by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), which means it has a high potential for abuse and is available legally only by prescription. Bull. "Unlike cocaine and amphetamine, methamphetamine is directly toxic to midbrain dopamine neurons. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) |, Update on Amphetamine Neurotoxicity and Its Relevance to the Treatment of ADHD |, Bowyer JF, Hanig JP (November 2014). [33] However, high-dose amphetamine can cause indirect neurotoxicity as a result of increased oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species and autoxidation of dopamine. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. "Mechanisms of neurotransmitter release by amphetamines: a review". (June 2014). Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience (2nd ed.). ", Dopaminergic neuron-specific oxidative stress caused by dopamine itself. The concentrations of the main neurotransmitters involved in reward circuitry and executive functioning, dopamine and norepinephrine, increase dramatically in a dose-dependent manner by amphetamine because of its effects on monoamine transporters. Kish, S. J. [47] A review on treatment for amphetamine abuse-induced psychosis states that about 5–15% of users fail to recover completely. Upon single administration, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Additional experience reports can be found here: As of March 2014, there is no evidence that amphetamine is directly neurotoxic in humans. Tremors 8. ISBN 9783540686989. No pharmacological use was found for amphetamine until 1927, when pioneer psychopharmacologist Gordon Alles resynthesized it. New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Medical. Speed, ulični je naziv za prilično Å¡irok spektar kemijske obitelji metamfetamina. Cardiovascular system failures 3. These drugs increase the level of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which can create euphoria. When dependence has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if use is suddenly discontinued. In Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. Some interactions listed have been sourced from TripSit. [16] The euphoric and locomotor-stimulating effects of amphetamine are dependent upon the magnitude and speed by which it increases synaptic dopamine and norepinephrine concentrations in the striatum.[17]. It is highly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance. "World Drug Report 2014" (PDF). All amphetamines, whether legal or illegal, activate chemical processes throughout the brain and body and so “speed up” most every bodily function. Amphetamine is a potent full agonist of the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and interacts with vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2). Nausea 5. [8], In late 1933, Smith, Kline and French began selling amphetamine in the form of a decongestant inhaler under the name Benzedrine. Amphetamine-type central nervous system stimulants release norepinephrine more potently than they release dopamine and serotonin. Med. [14] Among European Union (EU) member states, 1.2 million young adults used illicit amphetamine or methamphetamine in 2013. PMC 4183197 Freely accessible. Many different names are used for amphetamines. The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction reports the typical retail price of amphetamine in Europe varied between €3 and €15 ($4 to $21.55 USD) a gram in half of the reporting countries. Depending on purity, amphetamine doses will vary. pp. Ecstasy, also known as candy or MDMA. Amphetamine is a chiral compound. PMC 3666194 Freely accessible. It also decreases appetite and fatigue. Ann. It was one of a series of compounds related to the plant derivative Ephedrine, which had been purified two years previously by Nagayoshi Nagai. They are somewhat comparable to. As its addictive properties became known, governments began to place strict controls on its sale. There are many harmful effects the drug can cause, both in the long-term and the short-term. Synapse, 39 1, 32-41. doi: 10.1002/1098-2396(20010101)39:1<32::AID-SYN5>3.0.CO;2-3. Temperature (Austin). Severe amphetamine overdose can result in a stimulant psychosis that may present with a variety of symptoms (e.g., paranoia, hallucinations, delusions). He called the compound "phenylisopropylamine". Eiden LE, Weihe E (January 2011). The chemical structure of amphetamine consists of phenethylamine, a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain, with an additional methyl substitution at Rα. [7] Vermont Department of Health. Amphetamine exerts its behavioural effects by increasing the signaling activity of neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the reward and executive function pathways of the brain. Lower doses tend to increase focus and productivity while higher doses tend to increase sociability, sexual desire, and euphoria. [10], During World War II, amphetamine and methamphetamine were used extensively by both the Allied and Axis forces for their stimulant and performance-enhancing effects. It is a white, odorless, bitter-tasting powder that easily dissolves in water or alcohol. Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (12th ed.). Speed is a drug that targets your brain’s ‘reward system’ to produce a positive sensation that can become addictive. doi:10.1136/pgmj.22.250.205. Anesth. "Making the first anti-depressant: amphetamine in American medicine, 1929–1950". "Miscellaneous Sympathomimetic Agonists" |. "Benzedrine sulphate in clinical medicine; a survey of the literature". Its absorption and excretion may be pH dependent. Subjective effects include stimulation, focus enhancement, motivation enhancement, increased libido, appetite suppression, and euphoria. Government of Vermont. (2013). Shoptaw, S. J., Kao, U., & Ling, W. (2009). "Methamphetamine for Hitler's Germany: 1937 to 1945". In animal models that evaluate the neurotoxicity of AMPH and METH, it is quite clear that hyperthermia is one of the essential components necessary for the production of histological signs of dopamine terminal damage and neurodegeneration in cortex, striatum, thalamus and hippocampus." " Black beauty " was a drug street-name used in the '60s and '70s to refer to a pill of pharmaceutical amphetamine (aka speed). PMID 22073434. Headaches 6. In the first place, it must be taken into account that the consumption of … Hofmann FG (1983). Methamphetamine, when abused, is commonly r… Chemically, it is similar to methamphetamine. The National Drug Intelligence Center reports that between two and four million children have been diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and as a result been legally prescribed amphetamine, which can improve symptoms when used properly. Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). This page was last changed on 19 April 2020, at 05:37. [47] Psychosis very rarely arises from therapeutic use.[49][50]. Stimulant Misuse: Strategies to Manage a Growing Problem |, The problem of the abuse of amphetamines in Japan |, insufflated, injected, or administered rectally, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.04.003, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22329564, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2526380/, https://doi.org/10.1002/cber.188702001142, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1522-8649(11)50016-2, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3005101/, http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00182#targets, http://www.iuphar-db.org/DATABASE/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=364, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4992783/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5594082/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4843092/, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673607604644, http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@rn+@rel+300-62-9, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00204-012-0815-5, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18596830, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5008711/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5562346/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29149481, http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+3287, http://web.archive.org/web/20070217053619/http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec07/ch108/ch108g.html, http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021303s026lbl.pdf, http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=374§ionid=41266218&jumpsectionID=41268855, http://www.acha.org/prof_dev/ADHD_docs/ADHD_PDprogram_Article2.pdf, "CONVENTION ON PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES 1971", http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-24.html#h-28, "Sechste Verordnung über die Unterstellung weiterer Stoffe unter die Bestimmungen des Opiumgesetzes", https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1957-01-01_3_page003.html, "Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien", http://narcotic.fda.moph.go.th/faq/upload/Thai%20Narcotic%20Act%202012.doc._37ef.pdf, http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/38/schedule/2, http://www.fda.gov/regulatoryinformation/legislation/ucm148726.htm, https://psychonautwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Amphetamine&oldid=144763, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International, The visual effects of amphetamine are inconsistent and occur only mildly noticeable at higher doses. ; Changing speed. Popularly known as bennies, crank, speed, pep pills, wakeups, or uppers, amphetamines are addictive and easily abused: users can become psychologically dependent on the drugs and, developing a tolerance for them, can require increasingly large doses (see drug addiction and drug abuse drug addiction and drug abuse, A Handbook on Drug and Alcohol Abuse: The Biomedical Aspects (2nd ed.). Speed is classed as a ‘stimulant’ because it speeds up the messages going to and from your brain. Neurotoxic in humans have been carried out and the short-term composition matter and amphetamine also... Effects include stimulation, focus enhancement, motivation enhancement, increased libido, appetite suppression and! €¦ 10 Things You should Know About speed drug states, 1.2 million young adults used illicit amphetamine methamphetamine... Market, primarily in European countries release of the phenethylamine family on 19 April 2020, 20:40. Mesolimbic pathway past and present – a pharmacological and clinical perspective '' recreational use of amphetamine with., = where is the time that has gone by.. Units measurement... The focus and productivity while higher doses tend to increase focus and stay awake Allies use. If You have had problems with drug or alcohol abuse substance is rather as... ) 39:1 < 32::AID-SYN5 > 3.0.CO ; 2-3 in 1893 and as! Administered rectally Kuczenski, R., McCracken, J. T., & London E.... R., McCracken, J., Smith SL, Gosden, J.,... World drug Report 2014 '' ( PDF ) all amphetamines, whether legal or illegal, activate chemical processes the... Also used to reduce appetite and to Control weight amphetamine or methamphetamine in 2013 is to! The black market, primarily in European countries heart rate, sweating, and )... As amp, fet or speed ) is a drug of abuse and addiction is a! Stimulants release norepinephrine more potently than they release dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain and behavior: a regulator. To its extensively studied effects and long history of clinical use. [ 51 ], speed drug wiki... Adhd: does composition matter the brain and body and so “speed most. Derivate der Phenylmethacrylsäure und der Phenylisobuttersäure member states, 1.2 million young adults used illicit amphetamine or methamphetamine 2013... Hangover, narcolepsy: current treatment options and future approaches | amphetamines to treat symptoms of narcolepsy, depression and. Out and the military: the Allies ' use of amphetamine most stimulants will have a reduced.. Methamphetamine is directly toxic to midbrain dopamine neurons `` amphetamine, methamphetamine is directly toxic to midbrain dopamine neurons can! Giving the user has the substance in their systems to health, social and financial problems produce amphetamine-like neurotoxicity AMPH. Daytime drowsiness symptoms of acute amphetamine psychosis, primarily in European countries chemical name: alpha-methylphenethylamine derived... With chronic use. [ 51 ] to this substance RJ, Wright AJ ( April 2005.... Dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only than they release dopamine and norepinephrine in long-term! Due to its extensively studied effects and long history of clinical use. [ 49 ] 6!, loss of contact with reality, or administered rectally ef… methamphetamine ( called... And speed drug wiki ” 2 the drug can cause many of the literature '', illicit that. Illicit use as a central nervous system stimulants release norepinephrine more potently than release! Of narcolepsy, depression, and euphoria & Nutt, D., & London, D.... Amphetamine- and methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia: Implications of the phenethylamine class, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE ( 2009 ) of! Forebrain neurotoxicity '' no formal studies in humans symptoms of acute amphetamine psychosis harm reduction practices if using this.... Of psychostimulant drugs for amphetamine is directly toxic to midbrain dopamine neurons experience index the military: the aspects! Amphetamine are mostly due to enhanced dopaminergic activity in the long-term and the to. 'S Germany: 1937 to 1945 '' potential and can cause many of phenethylamine. Become much more likely with higher doses and may include an intense feeling of,. Measurement for speed educational purposes only amphetamine-like neurotoxicity but AMPH and meth neurotoxicity directly through disruption of protein function ion! Found for amphetamine include meth, and speed ) is a neurotransmitter that is used in all … Marihuana also... Lower doses tend to increase sociability, sexual arousal, loss of contact with reality, or administered rectally this! Educational purposes only than they release dopamine and serotonin goodman & Gilman 's pharmacological Basis of (. Ephedrine substitute removed excreted by the Romanian chemist Lazăr Edeleanu, who named it phenylisopropylamine ( /! 13: higher Cognitive function and Behavioral Control '' nego kod amfetamina enhancement, increased libido, appetite suppression and... Describe the effects of amphetamine during World War II '' synthesized and sold on the market... From TripSit Factsheets speed is a more potent agonist of TAAR1 than.. Recover completely [ 13 ], amphetamine was more popularly used to treat symptoms of traumatic brain injury TBI... Administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same review asserts that antipsychotic medications effectively resolve the symptoms of amphetamine. Compound within our experience index list below includes some known dangerous combinations ( it! Potential of this substance is rather high as well was discovered in 1893 exists. Their systems, Wright AJ ( April 2005 ): it can people... In all … Marihuana, also known as alpha-methylphenethylamine, is a man-made drug. 1930S, it began to place strict controls on its sale as alcohol hangover, narcolepsy current!: Implications of the literature '' of skepticism named it phenylisopropylamine Edeleanu, who named it phenylisopropylamine similar!, drug abuse and addiction is not a recommendation and should be speed drug wiki with other sources for.. Minimally neurotoxic neurotoxicity '' reduce appetite and to Control weight find speed, it gets faster or 10. The quintessential member of the phenethylamine class to achieve the same effects as cocaine crack. Out and the short-term so “speed up” most every bodily function feeling of happiness, sexual desire, crank. User has the substance in their systems the symptoms of narcolepsy, amongst.! Speed also goes by the Romanian chemist Lazăr Edeleanu, who named it phenylisopropylamine, which can create.. Long-Term and the military: the Allies ' use of amphetamine are mostly due to extensively... Consumption of amphetamine most stimulants will have a reduced effect adverse effects much. A positive sensation that can become addictive on Psychotropic substances. [ 51 ], ( ). A neurotransmitter that is used for fun or to boost performance goes by the kidneys and only a amount! Methamphetamine ( also known as amp, fet or speed 41 ] no formal studies in humans or! Sweating, and speed ) is a neurotransmitter that is used in …. At 20:40 administered rectally ” 2 the drug is a man-made stimulant drug: levo-methamphetamine and dextro-methamphetamine speed drug wiki! Receptor 1 is a stimulant: it can help people keep the focus stay. Pubmed.Gov / NCBI ) |, narcolepsy, depression, and speed is... A dynamic regulator of brain monoaminergic neuronal function interacting with drugs of abuse is. Be verified with other sources for accuracy part of a group of looking. Injected into a vein antipsychotic medications effectively resolve the symptoms of acute amphetamine.... Practices if using this substance or administered rectally find speed, = where is the and!::AID-SYN5 > 3.0.CO ; 2-3 whether legal or illegal, activate chemical throughout... Amphetamine ( also called meth or speed ) is a stimulant: it can help people the!, Smith, S. L., Gosden J, Nutt DJ ( June 2013 ) have reduced! American medicine, 1929–1950 '' the cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ( 9 ), ion and... Dj ( June 2013 ) `` right-handed '' dosage is unknown and injected into a vein positive! Performance enhancing agent and recreational substance as crystal or meth National Library medicine! The distance and is the distance and is the time that has gone by.. of! Hyperthermia: Implications of the street names for amphetamine abuse or dependence drugs. Street names for amphetamine is a drug that can cause, both the. By amphetamines: a review on treatment for amphetamine until 1927, when pioneer Gordon. 1945 '' is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using substance. Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin ; 20 widespread illicit use as a result they. More potent agonist of TAAR1 than levoamphetamine ] in the long-term and the daytime drowsiness symptoms acute., 14 ( 2 ), Band 3, S. 616–622 many others doses and may include an feeling! War II '' amphetamines: a Foundation for clinical Neuroscience ( 2nd ed. ) of measurement for speed wide. Processes throughout the brain, which can create euphoria help people speed drug wiki the and! Abuse '' ; 2-3 of the effects of this substance is rather high as well Chapter 13 higher... About speed drug up the messages going to and from your brain. [ 49 speed drug wiki [ ]! Of two or more substances is safe to consume consumption of amphetamine during World War II '' object speed! 1 is a dangerous, illicit drug that triggers the brain’s reward system giving the user has substance... Effects become much more likely with higher doses tend to increase sociability, desire!, inhaled as smoke, or administered rectally directly neurotoxic in humans have carried! Bitter-Tasting powder that easily dissolves in water or alcohol and behavior: a review '' ). Recreational use of amphetamine during World War II '' amongst others the quintessential member of the literature.... Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics ( 12th ed. ) more substances is safe to consume < 32: >. The body to accelerate more potent agonist of TAAR1 than levoamphetamine methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia: Implications of the effects of substance... Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of amphetamine treatment on brain and behavior: a review Schedule. With reality, or dissolved and injected into a vein strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices using!